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Katherine Graham |
Freedom of the press has always been essential to making America work. Information from more sources is essential to keep the news honest. Unfortunately, today's freedom struggles to balance the accuracy of information with careless or intentional misinformation.
This week's blog takes a look backward to a family story. In 1933 Eugene Isaac Meyer bought the Washington Post. He set seven principles for his newspaper: Tell the truth, All the truth, Observe the decencies of the gentleman, Print what is fit reading for young as well as old, Remember that the newspaper's duty is to the readers and the public at large, and not to the private interests of its owner, Remember that in the pursuit of truth, the newspaper shall be prepared to make sacrifice of its material fortunes, if such course be necessary for the public good, and The newspaper shall not be the ally of any special interest, but shall be fair and free and wholesome in its outlook on public affairs and public men.
His daughter, Katharine, had an education and had worked at the newspaper before her marriage, but she had not intended to be particularly involved in the business after she married and had children. Fate had different plans. This blog is about those unexpected years specifically the difficult decisions she faced in making the decision to make public the Pentagon Papers, a three-thousand-page narrative history with a four-page appendix of documents...covering American involvement in Indochina from the Second World War to May of 1968, when peace talks on the Vietnam War began in Paris. How it got into her hands is too long of a story to tell, but it came without any impropriety by her newspaper.
She proceeded professionally, consulting others in her staff and consulting lawyers, but ultimately, she published. It was the importance of the freedom of the press and the duty to inform the public that lead her decision. As I read from her biography, I could not help but think of the words written by her father, words which must have been important to her, especially since she included her father's words in full when she wrote her autobiography.
Her decision to publish the Pentagon Papers may or may not have been as significant in itself as expected, but it elevated her newspaper, as well as Katharine herself, something that impacted the publishing of Watergate. She wrote, "The role of the Post in all of this was simply to report the news. We set out to pursue a story that unfolded before our eyes in ways that made us as incredulous as the rest of the public
It is interesting to look back at the principles of her father in 1933 and consider whether the decisions of his daughter's own times followed his priorities. It is also interesting to consider our current Freedom of the Press and consider the news we receive today. Can Eugene Isaac Meyer's principles still be applied to the news of today?
In her book, "Personal History" she also wrote, "Indeed, publishing the Pentagon Papers made future decisions easier, even possible. Most of all it prepared us, and I suspect, unfortunately, Nixon as well--for Watergate."